Dr. David Isreal, Gastroenterologist, Vancouver, BC
Causes
It happens in people who are genetically prone to react to gluten. The immune reaction damages tiny finger-like structures in the intestine called villi.
Diagnosis
Doctors usually diagnose it with:
- Blood tests for certain antibodies
- Sometimes an intestinal biopsy
- Genetic testing in some cases
It’s important to keep eating gluten before testing, otherwise results may be inaccurate.
Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition where eating gluten causes the immune system to damage the small intestine. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.
Over time, this damage can make it hard for the body to absorb nutrients properly.
Common symptoms
Symptoms can vary a lot between people and may include:
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Bloating and stomach pain
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Anemia (low iron)
- Skin rash called dermatitis herpetiformis
- Headaches
- Poor growth in children
Some people have very mild symptoms or none at all.
Lauren K. Williams, M.S, RD, Vancouver, BC
Researchers believe several factors may contribute:
- Nutrient deficiencies
Untreated celiac disease can impair absorption of nutrients such as iron, folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. Deficiencies in these nutrients can affect mood, cognition, and energy levels. - Inflammation and immune activity
Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition. Ongoing inflammation may influence brain function and mental well-being through mechanisms that are still being studied. - Chronic symptoms and quality of life
Living with gastrointestinal symptoms, pain, fatigue, and the need for strict dietary vigilance can create significant psychological stress. - The social impact of a gluten-free diet
Avoiding gluten can complicate eating out, travel, family gatherings, and other social situations, which may contribute to anxiety or feelings of isolation.
There is a well-documented connection between Celiac Disease and mental health.
People with celiac disease are more likely than the general population to experience:
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Irritability
- Brain fog (difficulty concentrating or thinking clearly)
- Fatigue-related mood changes
- In some cases, increased risk of eating-related anxiety or social isolation due to dietary restrictions
Dr. David Isreal, Gastroenterologist, Vancouver, BC
Dr Richard Bebb Endocrinologist, Victoria, BC
Dr. David Isreal, Gastroenterologist, Vancouver, BC
Lauren K. Williams, M.S, RD, Vancouver, BC
Foods to Focus On for Spine and Joint Health
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3s can help reduce inflammatory processes in the body and may be beneficial for people with inflammatory joint conditions.
Good sources:
- Salmon
- Sardines
- Chia seeds
- Walnuts
Vitamin D and Calcium
These nutrients are essential for bone health and maintaining bone mineral density. Vitamin D also helps the body absorb calcium.
Celiac Disease is an autoimmune condition in which eating gluten damages the small intestine. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.
Foods to avoid
People with celiac disease need to avoid all sources of gluten, including:
- Wheat (including durum, semolina, spelt, farro, kamut)
- Barley
- Rye
- Triticale
- Foods made from these grains, such as:
- Bread
- Pasta
- Many cereals
- Cakes and pastries
- Beer
- Some sauces, soups, and processed foods
Careful label reading is essential because gluten can appear in unexpected products.
Dr. David Maberley, MD, FRCSC, Ophthalmologist, Ottawa. ON
RD Andy Desantis, Toronto, Ontario
Dr. Setareh Ziai, MD, FRCSC, Ophthalmologist, Ottawa, ON
Ashley Charlebois RD , Vancouver, BC
- the difference between celiac disease and gluten intolerance,
- what foods to avoid,
- symptoms in children,
- or how diagnosis works in more detail.
Treatment
The main treatment is a strict lifelong gluten-free diet:
- Avoid foods containing wheat, barley, or rye
- Many people improve within weeks after stopping gluten
Naturally gluten-free foods include:
- Rice
- Corn
- Potatoes
- Fruits and vegetables
- Meat, fish, eggs
Lauren K. Williams, M.S
RD Andy Desantis, Toronto, Ontario
RD Andy Desantis, Toronto, Ontario
RD Andy Desantis, Toronto, Ontario